ExpertAudio
TPA3116D2 Stereo Class-D Amplifier
Assemble and characterize a stereo class-D amplifier using a properly laid-out TPA3116D2 module and a suitable DC supply.
Parts from the database
- TPA3116D2DADR × 1Class-D amplifier IC; use on a tested breakout/evaluation board
- PCM5102APTR × 1Optional I²S DAC source on a breakout
Other supplies
- tested TPA3116D2 amplifier module with documented filter and protectionCommon build supply
- regulated 12–21 V supply sized for the moduleCommon build supply
- two 4 Ω or 8 Ω speakers within module ratingCommon build supply
- audio source or PCM5102A DAC breakoutCommon build supply
- multimeter, oscilloscope and dummy load for characterizationCommon build supply
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Connections
- Use a complete amplifier board; the TPA3116D2 bare IC is a fine-pitch SMD part and is not a breadboard component.
- Connect DC supply only to the module's documented input and observe polarity. Start with volume low.
- Connect each speaker only across its own output pair. Class-D bridge outputs are not ground; never connect either speaker lead to chassis/ground.
- For PCM5102A, follow its I²S clock/data wiring and ensure the module and amplifier share signal ground as specified.
Build steps
- Read the module manual and verify its IC, minimum load, input-voltage range, and speaker output topology.
- Power the module with no speaker, check for abnormal heating, then connect one speaker with power off.
- Test at low level using music or a sine tone; measure supply current and temperature as level rises.
- Record the load, supply voltage, waveform clipping point, and distortion method with any reported wattage.
Software and firmware setup
This is a hardware-only circuit; no firmware is required.
Test your build
TI lists the TPA3116D2 family up to 2×50 W into 4 Ω at 21 V under specified test conditions; a generic module may deliver less. Report load and distortion conditions rather than calling a peak number RMS.
Troubleshooting
- If protection trips, lower the level and check for speaker shorts or an undersized supply.
- If there is hiss or oscillation, use the module's grounding/layout guidance and shorter input wiring.
- If the waveform clips early, check supply sag, input level and the module's thermal design.
Safety and limitations
This project can produce loud sound and high DC current. Do not connect or disconnect speakers while powered; use a fused supply and never use mains wiring on a breadboard.
Manufacturer and platform documentation
Community Notes for This Project
These are unverified visitor contributions, separate from the build guide and manufacturer specifications. Verify technical advice against the linked datasheets before relying on it.
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